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American Language

"It was part of my daily work, for a good many years, to read the principal English newspapers and reviews; it has been part of my work, all the time, to read the more important English novels, essays, poetry and criticism. An American born and bred, I early noted, as everyone else in like case must note, certain salient differences between the English of England and the English of America as practically spoken and written—differences in vocabulary, in syntax, in the shades and habits of idiom, and even, coming to the common speech, in grammar. And I noted too, of course, partly during visits to England but more largely by a somewhat wide and intimate intercourse with English people in the United States, the obvious differences between English and American pronunciation and intonation. Greatly interested in these differences—some of them so great that they led me to seek exchanges of light with Englishmen—I looked for some work that would describe and account for them with a show of completeness, and perhaps depict the process of their origin. I soon found that no such work existed, either in England or in America—that the whole literature of the subject was astonishingly meagre and unsatisfactory." - Summary by Mencken (Preface) (15 hr 41 min)

Chapters

Preface

Ch1 By Way of Introduction Pt 1The Diverging Streams

Ch1 By Way of Introduction Pt 2 The Academic Attitude

Ch1 By Way of Introduction Pt 3 The View of Writing Men

Ch1 By Way of Introduction Pt 4 Foreign Observers

Ch1 By Way of Introduction Pt 5 The Characters of American

Ch1 By Way of Introduction Pt 6 The Materials of American

Ch2 The Beginnings of American Pt 1 In Colonial Days

Ch2 The Beginnings of American Pt 2 Sources of Early Americanisms

Ch2 The Beginnings of American Pt 3 New Words of English Material

Ch2 The Beginnings of American Pt 4 Changed Meanings

Ch2 The Beginnings of American Pt 5 Archaic English Words

Ch2 The Beginnings of American Pt 6 Colonial Pronunciation

Ch3 The Period of Growth Pt 1 The New Nation

Ch3 The Period of Growth Pt 2 The Language in the Making

Ch3 The Period of Growth Pt 3 The Expanding Vocabulary

Ch3 The Period of Growth Pt 4 Loan-Words

Ch3 The Period of Growth Pt 5 Pronunciation

Ch4 American and English Today Pt 1 The Two Vocabularies

Ch4 American and English Today Pt 2 Differences in Usage

Ch4 American and English Today Pt 3 Honorifics

Ch4 American and English Today Pt 4 Euphemisms and Forbidden Words

Ch5 Tendencies in American Pt 1 International Exchanges

Ch5 Tendencies in American Pt 2 Points of Difference

Ch5 Tendencies in American Pt 3 Lost Distinctions

Ch5 Tendencies in American Pt 4 Foreign Influences Today

Ch5 Tendencies in American Pt 5 Processes of Word Formation

Ch5 Tendencies in American Pt 6 Pronunciation

Ch6 The Common Speech Pt 1 Grammarians and Their Ways

Ch6 The Common Speech Pt 2 Spoken American As It Is

Ch6 The Common Speech Pt 3 The Verb

Ch6 The Common Speech Pt 4 The Pronoun

Ch6 The Common Speech Pt 5 The Adverb

Ch6 The Common Speech Pt 6 The Noun and Adjective

Ch6 The Common Speech Pt 7 The Double Negative

Ch6 The Common Speech Pt 8 Pronunciation

Ch 7 Differences in Spelling Pt 1 Typical Forms

Ch 7 Differences in Spelling Pt 2 General Tendencies

Ch 7 Differences in Spelling Pt 3 The Influence of Webster

Ch 7 Differences in Spelling Pt 4 Exchanges

Ch 7 Differences in Spelling Pt 5 Simplified spelling

Ch 7 Differences in Spelling Pt 6 Minor Differences

Ch8 Proper Names in America Pt 1 Surnames

Ch8 Proper Names in America Pt 2 Given Names

Ch8 Proper Names in America Pt 3 Geographical Names

Ch8 Proper Names in America Pt 4 Street Names

Ch9 Miscellanea Pt 1 Proverb and Platitude

Ch9 Miscellanea Pt 2 American Slang

Ch9 Miscellanea Pt 3 The Future of the Language